大学英语四六级翻译解析

第一教研室大民说英语 2021-09-15

▲ 图片源自网络

Translation（30m）

1. 阅读分析原文（确定时态、主干）（2m）

2. 逐句翻译（主谓宾定状补，主干枝叶分清楚）（18m）

3. 检查修改润色（3m）

4. 整洁誊写（5m）

阅读分析原文

汉语句式特点

1. 语法要求不严格，一逗到底

2. 为了形式上的平衡，喜用对偶等

3. 逻辑关系词不明显

1. 语法要求不严格，一逗到底

如：

这位年轻人是位侦探小说迷，在看了福尔摩斯探案故事之后，他自以为完全掌握了侦探技巧，于是开始调查一起抢劫案。

This young man liked reading detective stories. Having read Holmes’ stories, he thought he had known the detective’s skills inside out and started to investigate a case of robbery.

2. 为了形式上的平衡，喜用对偶等

如：

对中国人来说，“更岁交子”吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的内容。

To Chinese people, having dumplings at the moment the old year is replaced by the new is an essential part of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new year.

3. 逻辑关系词不明显

如：

长期以来，很多青年朋友都以为龙舞、狮舞就是春节、庙会、庆典时的喜庆表演，殊不知它历经了几千年的传承流变，积淀了深厚的历史文化，是祖先留给我们的极其宝贵的文化遗产。

Dragon Dance and Lion Dance have been long mistaken by many young people to be performance for Spring Festivals, Spring Festival fairs and other celebrations. However, it is hardly realized they are precious cultural heritage with rich historical and cultural deposits our ancestors left us through inheritance in thousands of years.

常考题材

1. 民族

2. 景点建筑

3. 传统文化、节日

4. 文学作品

5. 经济、社会

常见篇章结构

民族：

Nationality

少数民族

Ethnic minority

××族是中国少数民族之一（one of the …s），有……人口(has a population of)，分布于（be distributed over）…。××族有自己的语言，有独特（unique）的文化(culture)，擅长（be good at）……。×× 最著名的节日（节日名需首字母大写）是…… 。

练习：

1. 藏族是中国少数民族之一。

2. 壮族约有1900万人口，是中国人口最多的少数民族。

3. 傣族有自己的语言，绝大多数的傣族人都信仰佛教。Budhhism

4. 维吾尔族是个能歌善舞的民族，他们的民歌优美动听，被广泛传唱。

5. 傣族最著名的节日是泼水节，一般持续3至7天，人们相互泼水表示祝福。splash

1. The Tibetan Nationality is one of the ethnic minorities in China.

2. With a population of about 19 million, the Zhuang Nationality is the largest minority group in China.

3. Having their own language, most of the Dai people believe in Buddhism.

4. The Uygur['wi:guə] people are good at singing and dancing. Their folk songs sound beautiful and are widely sung.

5. The most famous festival of Dai Nationality is the Water Splashing Festival. It usually lasts 3 to 7 days during which people would splash each other to express good wishes.

景点建筑：

××位于（be located in）中国××省(province) ，有……年的历史(has a history of)，占地面积……（covering/ with an area of ××square kilometers），是中国最……的景点(scenic spot)。××始建（originally built）于……年代，当时用于……。××已被列为（be listed as）……，吸引了世界各地的/国内外游客（has attracted visitors all over the world/ from home and abroad）。

练习：

1. 黄山位于安徽省南部，被认为是世界上最独特、最美丽的山脉之一。

2. 京杭大运河是世界上最长的人工河道，开凿于春秋时期。Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal

3. 景德镇被称作“中国瓷都”，已经有1700多年的历史。porcelain

4. 秦始皇陵占地面积56.25平方公里，是中国最大的陵墓。mausoleum

5. 西安到处都是令人惊叹的历史奇观，因此吸引着成千上万的国内外游客。

6. 兵马俑是世界上最大的军事博物馆，于1987年被列为世界文化遗产，并被誉为“世界第八大奇迹”。

1. Located in the south of Anhui province, Mount Huang is considered one of the most unique and beautiful mountain ranges in the world.

2. As the longest man-made waterway in the world, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was dug in the Spring and Autumn Period.

3. Jingdezhen, which is known as the capital of porcelain in China, has a history of over 1,700 years.

4. With an area of 56.25 square kilometers, the Mausoleum of the Emperor Qin Shihuang is the largest mausoleum in Chinese history.

5. Filled with amazing historic wonders, Xi’an is attracting a large number of tourists from home and abroad.

6. As the largest underground military museum, the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses was listed as a World Cultural Heritage site and honored as “the Eighth Wonders of the World” in 1987.

传统文化、节日：

中国××，最早起源（originated）于……多年前的……时期。每年××前后，人们都要××，以营造（create/produce）××气氛（atmosphere）。后来， ×× 就成了××象征（symbol）。在中国人眼中， ××象征着××(symbolizes)，在中华传统文化中， ××已经成了××的象征符号（symbol）。

××节日是中国的传统节日(traditional festival)，在农历(in the lunar calendar)的×月×天，有××年的历史。在这一天，人们常常会××，以表达对××的纪念(in memory of, to commemorate…)。

端午节是在农历的五月初五

Dragon Boat Festival falls on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month/ the 5th day of the 5th month by lunar calendar.

练习：

1. 中国的灯笼最早起源于1800多年前的西汉时期。

2. 旗袍已经成为中国女性服饰的“总代言人”，也成为中华文化的象征。

3. 年画充分展示出中国人对丰收富足的幸福生活的祈望和憧憬。

4. 为了让人们更好地记住年份，我们的祖先用12只动物来代表年份，即“十二生肖”。

5. 筷子是中国人日常生活的必备工具，已经有数千年的历史，它的发明充分反映了中国人民的智慧。

1. Chinese lanterns originated in Western Han Dynasty some 1,800 years ago.

2. The Cheongsam/ Qipao has become the “Chief Representative” of Chinese women’s style, and also a symbol of Chinese culture.

3. The popular use of New Year paintings demonstrates the aspiration of Chinese people for a richer and happier life.

4. In order to remember the years more easily, our ancestors used 12 animals to represent the years, which is called the “Chinese Zodiac”.

5. Chopsticks, with a history of thousands of years, are necessary dining utensils in Chinese people’s daily life, the invention of which fully displays the intelligence of Chinese people.

1. 端午节一般是农历五月初五，已经有两千多年的历史了。

2. 泼水节是傣族最隆重的传统节日，它通常在阳历的四月中旬，持续三到七天。

3. 元宵节是在农历的正月十五，猜灯谜是节日的重要部分。

4. 七夕节在农历七月初七，是一个浪漫的传统节日，关于牛郎织女的爱情故事代代相传。

5. 清明节是中国的二十四节气之一，在每年的四月4到6日。每年清明节，所有的墓地都挤满了来扫墓和祭祀的人们。

1. Falling on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, the Dragon Boat Festival has a history of more than 2,000 years.

2. Water Splashing Festival is the most ceremonious traditional festival of the Dai Nationality. It usually takes place in mid-April of the solar calendar and lasts 4 to 7 days.

3. The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. Guessing lantern riddles is an essential part of the festival.

4. Falling on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, the Double Seven Festival is a traditional festival full of romance. It is said that the romantic story about the Cowherd and Weave Maid has been passed down from generation to generation.

5. The Qingming Festival, or Tomb Sweeping Festival, is one of the 24 seasonal division points in China, falling on April 4 to 6 each year. On each Qingming Festival, all cemeteries are crowded with people who came to sweep tombs and offer sacrifices.

文学作品：

《 ×× 》由××时期××编写/著作（compiled by, written by）。本书一共××章/回（chapter），主要讲述/总结（tell, narrate, represent/summarize）了……。它体现（reflect, embody）了××，是一部杰出的××著作(work or a literary work)，具有很高的××价值(be of great value)，是中国古代文明(ancient civilization)的宝贵遗产（heritage）。

英语没有书名号，手写加引号，打印用斜体

练习：

1.《红楼梦》写于十八世纪，是中国著名的古典小说。

2.《史记》是一部伟大的文学著作，由中国西汉时期的历史学家司马迁编写。

3.《本草纲目》堪称中医史上最完整的医书，它被翻译成20多种语言并在全世界广为流传。

4. 李白和杜甫被认为是唐朝最伟大的诗人，在中国文学史上的重要性可以和莎士比亚在英国的相提并论。

1. Written in the 18th century, A Dream of Red Mansions is a famous classical novel.

2. Written by the historian Sima Qian in Western Han Dynasty, Records of the Grand Historian is a great literary work.

3. The Compendium of Materia Medica is regarded as the most complete medical book in the history of traditional Chinese medicine. It has been translated into more than 20 languages and spreads all over the world.

4. Li Bai and Du Fu are considered the greatest poets of Tang Dynasty. They are as important in the history of Chinese literature as Shakespeare is in that of British literature.

藏族

维吾尔族

蒙古族

丝绸之都

东汉

唐朝

春秋

战国

the Tibetan nationality

the Uyghur nationality

the Mongol nationality

Capital of silk